一、祈使句的分類(lèi)
祈使句表請求、命令、叮囑、邀請、勸告等.祈使句分為第二人稱(chēng)祈使句及第—、三人稱(chēng)祈使句兩大類(lèi).
1.第二人稱(chēng)祈使句通常用來(lái)向聽(tīng)話(huà)者發(fā)出命令,提出要求或建議.這種祈使句的主語(yǔ)you通常不表示出來(lái),而是以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭.如:
Stand up!
Don't worry about!
但如果說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)有多人在場(chǎng),就得把主語(yǔ)表示出來(lái),或加呼語(yǔ),以便指明是向誰(shuí)提出請求或發(fā)出命令.如:
Parents with children go the front!帶孩子的家長(cháng)到前面去!
Mary clean the windows,and you boys wash the floor!瑪麗擦窗戶(hù),你們男孩子洗地板!
Come in,everybody!每個(gè)人都進(jìn)來(lái)!
有時(shí)將主語(yǔ)表示出來(lái)是為了加強語(yǔ)氣或表示“不高興”、“厭煩”、“鄙視”等情緒.如:
Don't you be late again!你可別再遲到了!
You get out of here!你給我滾出去!
Mind your own business,you!你少管閑事!
2.第一、三人稱(chēng)祈使句是以第一人稱(chēng)和第三人稱(chēng)代詞或者名詞等作為祈使的對象,這類(lèi)祈使句通常以let為引導詞表建議.如:
Let's go!Let us go home!
Let him be here by 10 o'clock.
祈使句除用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示外,還可用名詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)等表示.如:
Help!
Patience!
Quickly!
Hands up!
二、祈使句的強調形式及否定形式
祈使句的強調形式是在整個(gè)結構之前加do.如:
Do be careful!
Do Stop talking!
Do give my regards to your parents!務(wù)必/一定代我向你父母問(wèn)好!
祈使句的否定形式是在整個(gè)結構之前加don't或never.如:
Don't you be nervous!你不要緊張!
以let為引導詞的祈使句的否定形式通常是在Let's或Let us/me后加not.
don't think our school life is colorful. Because we've got so many classes every
day. I wonder whether we can change our school life someday. You see, from
Monday to Friday, I have to stay at school. The only relaxation is to listen to
the radio or play ball games. At weekends, we need to go to school to have
classes, too. I know it's very important for us to study well now. As the
saying goes, "All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. "I want to step into
the nature. I hope we will have
more activities such as visiting museums,
taking part in different kinds of contests, attending some lectures and so on.
Is it only a dream?
1.肯定的祈使句結構
(1)be+形容詞/名詞
Be quiet for a moment.請安靜一會(huì )
(2)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分
例:Make your own rules.給自己制定規劃
(3)let+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他
例:Let's run to the police station on fourth street.我們跑去第四大街上的警察局吧
2.否定句的祈使句的結構
(1)Don't+動(dòng)詞原形
例:Don't eat in the classroom.不要在教室里吃東西
(2)Let's+ not+動(dòng)詞原形
例:Let's not say anything about it.對于這件事,咱們什么也不要說(shuō)
(3)用否定副詞never構成,以加強否定含義
例:Never judge a person by looks.絕不能以貌取人
例:
Go and wash your hands.(去洗你的手。——命令)
Be quiet,please.(Please be quiet.)(請安靜。——請求)
Be kind to our sister.(對我們的姐妹們要和善。——勸告)
Watch your steps.(走路小心。——警告)
Look out!Danger!(小心!危險!——強烈警告,如感嘆句)
Keep off the grass.(勿踐草坪。——禁止)
No parking.(禁止停車(chē)。——禁止)
No eating or drinking.(禁止吃喝。——禁止)
No littering.(禁止亂扔垃圾。——禁止)
祈使句也常把主語(yǔ)“You”表達出來(lái),主要是強調對象,確定對象。
例如:
You go and tell him, kris. (克立斯去告訴他。)
一、祈使句的分類(lèi)祈使句表請求、命令、叮囑、邀請、勸告等.祈使句分為第二人稱(chēng)祈使句及第—、三人稱(chēng)祈使句兩大類(lèi).1.第二人稱(chēng)祈使句通常用來(lái)向聽(tīng)話(huà)者發(fā)出命令,提出要求或建議.這種祈使句的主語(yǔ)you通常不表示出來(lái),而是以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭.如: Stand up! Don't worry about!但如果說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)有多人在場(chǎng),就得把主語(yǔ)表示出來(lái),或加呼語(yǔ),以便指明是向誰(shuí)提出請求或發(fā)出命令.如: Parents with children go the front!帶孩子的家長(cháng)到前面去! Mary clean the windows,and you boys wash the floor!瑪麗擦窗戶(hù),你們男孩子洗地板! Come in,everybody!每個(gè)人都進(jìn)來(lái)!有時(shí)將主語(yǔ)表示出來(lái)是為了加強語(yǔ)氣或表示“不高興”、“厭煩”、“鄙視”等情緒.如: Don't you be late again!你可別再遲到了! You get out of here!你給我滾出去! Mind your own business,you!你少管閑事!2.第一、三人稱(chēng)祈使句是以第一人稱(chēng)和第三人稱(chēng)代詞或者名詞等作為祈使的對象,這類(lèi)祈使句通常以let為引導詞表建議.如: Let's go!Let us go home! Let him be here by 10 o'clock.祈使句除用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示外,還可用名詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)等表示.如: Help! Patience! Quickly! Hands up!二、祈使句的強調形式及否定形式祈使句的強調形式是在整個(gè)結構之前加do.如: Do be careful! Do Stop talking! Do give my regards to your parents!務(wù)必/一定代我向你父母問(wèn)好!祈使句的否定形式是在整個(gè)結構之前加don't或never.如: Don't you be nervous!你不要緊張!以let為引導詞的祈使句的否定形式通常是在Let's或Let us/me后加not。
Go and wash your hands. (去洗你的手。——命令) Be quiet, please.(Please be quiet.) (請安靜。——請求) Be kind to our sister. (對姊妹要和善。——勸告) Watch your steps. (走路小心。——警告) Look out!Danger! (小心!危險!——強烈警告,已如感嘆句) Keep off the grass. (勿踐草坪。——禁止) No parking. (禁止停車(chē)。——禁止) Come and meet my friend Zhou Nan.
來(lái)見(jiàn)見(jiàn)我朋友周楠。 Look at you! 看看你自己!
be more careful next time. 下次細心點(diǎn)。 be sure and come as soon as possible. 你一定要盡快來(lái)。 be quick,or it may be too late. 快點(diǎn),不然就會(huì )遲到。 1 Don't arrive late for class.不能上課遲到. 2 Don' run in the hallways.不能在走廊跑. 3 Don't fight with someone.不能打架. 4 Don't listen to the music in the classroom.不能在教室里聽(tīng)音樂(lè ). 5 Don't wear a hat in the classroom.不能在教室里戴帽子. 6 Save water 節約用水. 7 Don't push 不要推搡. 8 no smoking 不準吸煙? 9 Don't litter 不亂扔垃圾 10 Save electricity 節約用電
不是,它是疑問(wèn)句 祈使句句型 1. 祈使句的肯定句式有三種形式,即 1)Do型(以行為動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭),例如:Sit down 坐下! Stand up 起立! 2)Be型(以be開(kāi)頭),例如:Be quiet 安靜! 3)Let型 (以let開(kāi)頭), 例如:Let me help you. 讓我來(lái)幫助你。
注意:三種句型中Do型是最常見(jiàn)、最簡(jiǎn)單的一種結構。表示請求、勸告的祈使句還常常在句前或句末加上Please, 構成句式:Please。
或。Please. 以使語(yǔ)氣更加緩和或客氣。
例如: Please Please stand .或Stand up, please.請站起來(lái)。 Please have a rest.或Have a rest, please.請休息一下。
2. 祈使句的否定結構是以“Don”t+動(dòng)詞原形”開(kāi)頭。例如: Don”t go there, please. 請別去那兒。
Don”t be late. 不要遲到。 Don”t let him in. 不要讓他進(jìn)來(lái)。
Don”t let the water run into the room. 不要讓水流進(jìn)屋里。 注意:Let”s型祈使句,其否定式也可用 Let”s not。
如: Let”s not have rest. 咱們別休息了。
Let”s not sit here! 我們不要坐在這兒。
Nowadays,people in many big cities are complaining about the heavy traffic.
It has seriously influenced people's daily life and economic development.To
solve the problem,some pieces of advice are put forward.Some people suggest
that more streets and roads should be built.In this way,
the traffic density can be redncedi hence speeding up the flow of buses and
cars.But the new roads and streets will be filled with many cars and buses
soon.
to define the initial starting point. (2) may
not lead to unexpected behavior with out all the factors, the most likely trigger a non-
factor is expected to matters that have not yet found.
4, the trends inferred unreasonable, absurd results.
Go and wash your hands.
(去洗你的手。——命令)
Be quiet, please.(Please be quiet.)
(請安靜。——請求)
Be kind to our sister.
(對姊妹要和善。——勸告)
Watch your steps.
(走路小心。——警告)
Look out!Danger!
(小心!危險!——強烈警告,已如感嘆句)
Keep off the grass.
(勿踐草坪。——禁止)
No parking.
(禁止停車(chē)。——禁止)
Let me try.
Let's do it.
Let me go and look for it.
a. Don't disturb him.
Let's not disturb him.
Let Robert take charge of the marketing department.
Let her join our choir
Let the puppy out.
Open the windows and let the fresh air in.
The room is too sunny. Let the blinds down.
Let me alone, please.
Let's try it, shall we?
Let us do it by ourselves, will you?
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